Anki

Anki is a free and open-source flashcard program. It uses techniques from cognitive science such as active recall testing and spaced repetition to aid the user in memorization. The name comes from the Japanese word for . The SM-2 algorithm, created for SuperMemo in the late 1980s, has historically formed the basis of the spaced repetition methods employed in the program. Anki's implementation of the algorithm has been modified to allow priorities on cards and to show flashcards in order of their urgency. Anki 23.10+ also has a native implementation of the Free Spaced Repetition Scheduler (FSRS) algorithm, which allows for more optimal spacing of card repetitions. Anki is content-agnostic, and the cards are presented using HTML and may include text, images, sounds, videos, and LaTeX equations. The decks of cards, along with the user's statistics, are stored in the open SQLite format.

Anki is a free and open-source flashcard program. It uses techniques from cognitive science such as active recall testing and spaced repetition to aid the user in memorization. The name comes from the Japanese word for . The SM-2 algorithm, created for SuperMemo in the late 1980s, has historically formed the basis of the spaced repetition methods employed in the program. Anki's implementation of the algorithm has been modified to allow priorities on cards and to show flashcards in order of their urgency. Anki 23.10+ also has a native implementation of the Free Spaced Repetition Scheduler (FSRS) algorithm, which allows for more optimal spacing of card repetitions. Anki is content-agnostic, and the cards are presented using HTML and may include text, images, sounds, videos, and LaTeX equations. The decks of cards, along with the user's statistics, are stored in the open SQLite format. ==Features== ===Notes=== In Anki, cards are generated from information stored in notes. A note functions as a database record and contains one or more fields, such as an expression, its meaning, audio, or additional context. Notes do not correspond directly to flashcards; instead, the note type determines how many cards are created from the fields and how the information is presented during review. For example, with respect to learning a language, a note may have the following fields and example entries: Field 1: Expression in target language – Field 2: Pronunciation – [sound file with the word pronounced] Field 3: Expression in familiar language – "cake" From this single note, Anki can generate multiple cards using card templates. One template might test the meaning of the expression, while another tests recognition of the pronunciation. Because all related cards originate from the same note, any correction to a field (such as fixing a spelling error) automatically updates every associated card. Anki also spaces related cards apart to avoid showing closely linked prompts in close succession. Anki includes a dedicated Cloze note type, which allows the user to create cards through cloze deletion (for example, ). Each cloze deletion automatically generates a separate card. This system replaces older mechanisms for cloze cards used in early versions of Anki. ===Syncing=== Anki supports synchronization with a free and proprietary online service called AnkiWeb. This allows users to keep decks synchronized across multiple computers and to study online or on a cell phone. There also is a third-party open-source (AGPLv3) AnkiWeb alternative, called anki-sync-server, which users can run on their own local computers or servers. Anki 2.1.57+ includes a built-in sync server. Advanced users who cannot or do not wish to use AnkiWeb can use this sync server instead of AnkiWeb. ===Japanese and Chinese reading generation=== Anki can automatically fill in the reading of Japanese and Chinese text. Since version 0.9.9.8.2, these features are in separate plug-ins. ===Add-ons=== More than 1600 add-ons for Anki are available, often written by third-party developers. They provide support for speech synthesis, enhanced user statistics, image occlusion, incremental reading, more efficient editing and creation of cards through batch editing, modifying the GUI, simplifying import of flashcards from other digital sources, adding an element of gamification, etc. ==Comparisons== ==Mobile versions== The following smartphone/tablet and Web clients are available as companions to the desktop version: AnkiMobile for iPhone, iPod Touch or iPad (paid) AnkiWeb (online server, free to use; includes add-on and deck hosting) AnkiDroid for Android (free of charge, under GPLv3; by Nicolas Raoul) The flashcards and learning progress can be synchronized both ways with Anki using AnkiWeb. With AnkiDroid it is possible to have the flashcards read in several languages using text-to-speech (TTS). If a language does not exist in the Android TTS engine (e.g. Russian in the Android version Ice Cream Sandwich), a different TTS engine such as SVOX TTS Classic can be used. ==History== Damien Elmes, the Australian programmer behind the app, originally created it for learning Japanese. The oldest mention of Anki that the developer Damien Elmes could find in 2011 was dated 5 October 2006 , which was thus declared Anki's birthdate. Version 2.0 was released on 6 October 2012. Version 2.1 was released on 6 August 2018. Version 23.10 was released on 31 October 2023, changing the version numbering scheme to year.month. Version 23.12 was released on 24 December 2023. Version 24.04 was released 31 March 2024. Version 24.06 was released 6 June 2024. In 2026, Damien announced he would be gradually transitioning business operations and open source stewardship to AnkiHub. ==See also== List of flashcard software Computer-assisted language learning ==References==

Text derived from https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1375738661 under CC BY-SA 4.0; modifications have been made.