Annaba

Annaba ( , ), formerly known as Hippone, Bona and Bône, is a seaport city in the northeastern corner of Algeria, close to the border with Tunisia. Annaba is near the small Seybouse River and is in Annaba Province. With a population of about 263,650 (2019) and 1,000,000 for the metropolitan area, Annaba is the third-largest city and the leading industrial centre in Algeria. Annaba is a coastal city that underwent significant growth during the 20th century. Annaba has a metropolitan area with a higher population density than the other metropolitan areas of the Algerian coastline, such as Oran and Algiers. Much of eastern and southern Algeria uses the services, equipment and infrastructure of Annaba. Economically, it is the centre for various economic activities, such as industry, transportation, finance, and tourism.

Annaba ( , ), formerly known as Hippone, Bona and Bône, is a seaport city in the northeastern corner of Algeria, close to the border with Tunisia. Annaba is near the small Seybouse River and is in Annaba Province. With a population of about 263,650 (2019) and 1,000,000 for the metropolitan area, Annaba is the third-largest city and the leading industrial centre in Algeria. Annaba is a coastal city that underwent significant growth during the 20th century. Annaba has a metropolitan area with a higher population density than the other metropolitan areas of the Algerian coastline, such as Oran and Algiers. Much of eastern and southern Algeria uses the services, equipment and infrastructure of Annaba. Economically, it is the centre for various economic activities, such as industry, transportation, finance, and tourism. == Names == Present-day Annaba grew up on the site of Aphrodisium, the seaport of the Roman city . (The modern city has since expanded south over Hippo's ruins as well.) Its former names Bône and Bona derived from "Ubbo", a local form of the name Hippo. Its informal name "Land of the Jujubes" ( , Balad al-‘Unnāb) derives from the abundance of that fruit in the region. ==History== , today Annaba]] ==Geography== The city is located in the northeastern corner of Algeria, close to the border with Tunisia. Annaba is near the small Seybouse River and is in located in the Annaba Province. ===Climate=== Annaba has a hot-summer Mediterranean climate (Csa in the Köppen climate classification) with long, hot, dry summers, especially from mid-July to mid-August, and mild, extremely wet winters. Snow is rare but not unknown. Rain is abundant by North African standards and can be torrential. ==Demography== The city of Annaba had a population of 257,359 in 2008 (General Census of the population and habitat). In 1988, the population of the urban district of Annaba had increased to 359,657 (with El Bouni comprising 111,956 inhabitants¹). The cities of If El Hadjar, and Sidi Amar are also included. Currently there are approximately 500,000 people in "greater Annaba". Today Annaba has a population of 464,740 and 1,000,000 in greater Annaba. ==Education== One of Annaba's most notable educational institutions is the University of Annaba. As of 2004, there are over 40,000 students¹ enrolled. ]] There is a branch campus of the French international school Lycée international Alexandre-Dumas. ==Economy== As of 1911, Annaba was producing iron, zinc, cork, livestock, and cereal. The city is an important hub of the world steel industry with the steel complex of El Hadjar, south of the city. It is the largest in Africa. Phosphate and metal industries now include the Seybousa complex and the metallurgical complex of Allelik. The private industrial sector is also very important in Annaba and geared especially to the agri-food, metal processing, wood products and construction industries. These industrial areas occupy nearly between Bouchet Bridge, Meboudja, Berrahal and Kherraza. Business areas are also to be found in the suburbs of the city, such as Sidi Salem, El Eulma and Wadi El-Aneb. ==Transportation== ]] Annaba was described as the "chief seaport of Algeria after Oran and Algiers," by Baedeker's in 1911. Annaba is served by Rabah Bitat Airport, an international airport whose IATA airport code is AAE. Annaba also has rail links to the Algerian cities of Constantine and Algiers, and it is at the end of Algeria's east–west highway. It is the second industrial centre in Algeria after the capital Algiers. ==Tourism== Annaba is an important centre for tourism, and is one of the major tourist attractions in the western Mediterranean. It is a coastal city with mountains, hills, foothills, and plains surrounding it. Due to this, and aside from maritime and seaside tourism, Annaba has a key potential for mountain tourism. The mountains around Seraïdi which rise to , make them a major tourist attraction. Other tourist attractions are West Bay, Djenane el Bey (La Grande Plage), Ras el Hamra and Ain Achir beach. Annaba also has various key religious sites, including the Saint Augustin Basilica. Annaba in its early history, was the site of an important and influential Diocese, prior to its destruction by the Vandals, and the era of Islamisation. Annaba is located on the Tunisian border, and is a visa-free area, hence tourists are also able to make side trips to Tunisia and to El Kala National Park. Annaba is also known for its verdant Main Street, also known as the 'Concours de la Revolution', which is a promenade known for its night-life. The Annaba area is generally reputed for having beaches, hotels and a nightlife. The War Cemetery at Bône lies from Annaba on the road towards Constantine. It is an important memorial to the British Empire's soldiers and airmen who fought in the region during the World War II, with 868 Commonwealth burials there. There are also 14 other graves, mostly of merchant seamen. It was designed by J. Hubert Worthington. After the war, most of the American dead were repatriated for burial in the United States, but this was not traditional in the British Empire. File:Chetaibi1.jpg|alt= File:Capucine et baie d'Annaba. Mahieddine Boumendjel.jpg|alt=View of the city File:Saint augustin9.jpg File:Annaba from St. Augustine's Basilica (15708460949).jpg|alt= File:Cape de garde, Annaba.jpg File:Hôtel Sabri.jpg File:Hippo Regius, Africa Proconsularis, Algeria - 52574439597.jpg ==In the arts== An engraving of a painting by J Salmon, was published in Fisher's Drawing Room Scrap Book, 1837¹ along with a poetical illustration by Letitia Elizabeth Landon entitled Bona, The Pirate's Song. ==See also== European enclaves in North Africa before 1830 Edough Massif ==Notes== ==Sources== ==External links== Annaba City Annaba

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