Chanderi

Chanderi, is a town of historical importance in Ashoknagar District of the state Madhya Pradesh in India. It is situated at a distance of 127 km from Shivpuri, 38 km from Lalitpur, 57 km from Ashok Nagar, 348 km from Jhansi and 46 km from Isagarh. It is surrounded by hills southwest of the Betwa River. Chanderi is surrounded by hills, lakes and forests and is spotted with monuments of the Malwa Sultanate and the Bundela Rajputs. It is also famous for ancient Jain Temples. Its population in 2011 was 33,190.

Chanderi, is a town of historical importance in Ashoknagar District of the state Madhya Pradesh in India. It is situated at a distance of 127 km from Shivpuri, 38 km from Lalitpur, 57 km from Ashok Nagar, 348 km from Jhansi and 46 km from Isagarh. It is surrounded by hills southwest of the Betwa River. Chanderi is surrounded by hills, lakes and forests and is spotted with monuments of the Malwa Sultanate and the Bundela Rajputs. It is also famous for ancient Jain Temples. Its population in 2011 was 33,190.

History

Later Pratīhāra rulers

in the eleventh and twelfth centuries, Chanderi came under the sway of the later Pratīhāra kings. During this time, Chanderi is mentioned by the Persian scholar Alberuni in 1030.

Delhi Sultanate

Ghiyas ud din Balban captured the city in 1251 for Nasiruddin Mahmud, Sultan of Delhi.

Malwa Sultanate

Sultan Mahmud I Khilji of Malwa captured the city in 1438 after a siege of several months. Rana Sanga of Mewar conquer much of the Malwa along with Chanderi and appointed his vassal Medini Rai a rebellious minister of Sultan Mahmud II of Malwa as ruler of Malwa under his lordship. Medini Rai made Chanderi as capital of his kingdom.

Mughals

In the Battle of Chanderi, the Mughal Emperor Babur captured the fort from Medini Rai and witnessed the macabre Rajput rite of jauhar, in which, faced with certain defeat and in an attempt to escape dishonor in the hands of the enemy, women with children in their arms jumped in a fire pit to commit suicide, which was made for this specific purpose, against the background of vedic hymns recited by the priests. Jauhar was performed during the night and in the morning the men would rub the ashes of their dead women folk on their forehead, don a saffron garment known as kesariya, chew tulsi leaves (in India tulsi leaves are placed in the mouth of a dead body), symbolizing their awareness about impending death and resolve to fight and die with honour. This method of fighting & dying for the cause of retaining honour was called saka. In 1529, Puran Mal defeated Babur's forces and captured Chanderi. In 1542 it was captured by Sher Shah Suri and added to the governorship of Shujaat Khan. The Mughal Emperor Akbar made the city a sarkar in the subah of Malwa.

Bundelas and Scindias

The Bundela Rajputs captured the city in 1586, and it was held by Ram Sab, a son of Raja Madhukar of Orchha. In 1646 Devi Singh Bundela was made ruler of the city, and Chanderi remained in the hands of his family until it was annexed in 1811 by Jean Baptiste Filose for the Maratha ruler Daulat Rao Sindhia of Gwalior. The city was transferred to the British in 1844. The British lost control of the city during the Revolt of 1857, and the city was recaptured by Hugh Rose on 14 March 1858. Richard Harte Keatinge led the assault, for which he was awarded the Victoria Cross. The city was transferred back to the Sindhias of Gwalior in 1861, and became part of Isagarh District of Gwalior state.

Republic of India

After India's independence in 1947, Gwalior became the capital of the new state of Madhya Bharat, which was merged into Madhya Pradesh on 1 November 1956.

Geography

Chanderi is located at . It has an average elevation of 456 metres (1496 feet).

Demographics

India census, Chanderi had a population of 28,313. Males constitute 52% of the population and females 48%. production]]

Access

There is a good roadway network in Chanderi. The town lies at State Highway 20 and National Highway 376 with connections to Ashoknagar, Ishagarh, Lalitpur etc. There is no railway service in or near Chanderi but necessary administrative measures were adopted in 2014 for a line to be operated by Northern Railways on a Pipraigaon-Chanderi-Lalitpur route.

Jainism at Chanderi

The Chanderi area has been a major center of Jain culture. It was a major center of the Parwar Jain community. There are a number of Jain places nearby- Gurilagiri (7 km), Aamanachar (29 km), Bithala (19 km), Bhamon (16 km), Khandargiri (2 km), Thuvanji (22 km) and Bhiyadant (14 km), and Deogarh, Uttar Pradesh (20 km, across the border). The Jain Bhattarakas of Mula Sangh, Balatkara Gana had a center at Chanderi that flourished for several centuries. The lineage, as constructed by Pt. Phulachandra Shastri is as following: Tirthankara Rishabhnath, popularly known as Adinath]] Devendrakirti (see Balatkara Gana), who awarded Singhai title in 1436 CE (see Parwar (Jain)) Tribhuvanakirti (anointed in Vikram Samvat 1522), Sasasrakirti Padmanandi Yashahkirti Lalitkirti Dharmakirt Padmakirti (died Vikram Samvat 1717¹) Sakalakirti Surendrakirti (pratishtha in Vikram Samvat 1746) A branch of this lineage continued at Sironj. Jagatkirti (pupil of Dharmakirti above) Tribhuvanakirti Narendrakirti Unknown Rajkirti Devendrakirti (pratishtha in samvat 1871)

See also

Chanderi sari Chanderi District

References

Sources

Hunter, William Wilson, James Sutherland Cotton, Richard Burn, William Stevenson Meyer, eds. (1909). Imperial Gazetteer of India, vol. 9. Oxford, Clarendon Press.

External links

Shri Digamber Jain Atishaya Kshetra Choubeesee Bara Mandir, Chanderi Shri Digamber Jain Atishaya Kshetra Khandargiri Shri Digamber Jain Atishaya Kshetra Thuvonji Chanderi Geographical Index Website Film on the master weavers of Chanderi Chanderi: Travel Guide Goodearth Publications, New Delhi, 2006. ( ) Madhya Pradesh Tourism Official Website

Text derived from https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1374267205 under CC BY-SA 4.0; modifications have been made.