Clanculus

Clanculus is a genus of sea snail, marine gastropod molluscs of the family Trochidae, the top shells.

Clanculus is a genus of sea snail, marine gastropod molluscs of the family Trochidae, the top shells. ==Distribution== Clanculus is an old genus. Fossils found in Italy date from the Pliocene (C. corallinus, C. elevatus, C. bonfittoi, C. jussieui) The distribution of this genus is worldwide, individuals of some species sometimes occur in great numbers, from the intertidal zone up to depths of 200 m. Many species can be found in Australia, New Zealand, the Indo-Pacific, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Seychelles, Japan, South Africa, Zanzibar, Indian Ocean, the Red Sea, West Africa, Angola, North Africa and Europe. ==Shell description== These top shells are wide-conical and low spired. Their spirally ribbed sculpture consists of conspicuous regular rows of robust, round beads. The whorls show a profile with a deep suture and the final whorl inflated. The aperture of the shell is oval, with a strongly ridged lip. The umbilicus is generally deep. The color of the shell varies between orange, dark red, and chocolate brown. ==Species== The type species, Clanculus pharaonius, was described by Carl Linnaeus in 1758 as Trochus pharaonius. † Clanculus adesus (Marwick, 1931) Clanculus albanyensis Jansen, 1995 Clanculus albinus A. Adams, 1853 Clanculus albugo (Watson, 1880) Clanculus aloysii Tenison Woods, 1876 † Clanculus angiolianus Spadini, 2006 † Clanculus araonis (Basterot, 1825) Clanculus ater Pilsbry, 1911 Clanculus atricatena J.R. Tomlin, 1921 Clanculus atypicus Iredale, 1912 † Clanculus baccatus (Defrance 1824) Clanculus berthelotii (d'Orbigny, 1840) Clanculus bicarinatus Angas, 1880 † Clanculus bonfittoi Chirli, 2004 Clanculus boyeti Poppe, Tagaro & Dekker, 2006 † Clanculus brebioni Landau, Van Dingenen & Ceulemans, 2017 Clanculus bronni (R.W. Dunker, 1860) Clanculus brunneus A. Adams, 1853 Clanculus buijsei Poppe, Tagaro & Dekker, 2006 † Clanculus cerberi (Brongniart, 1823) Clanculus ceylonicus G.& H. Nevill, 1869 Clanculus clanguloides Wood, 1828 Clanculus clangulus (Wood, 1828) Clanculus collingei Melvill, 1904 Clanculus comarilis Ch. Hedley, 1912 Clanculus consobrinus R. Tate, 1893 Clanculus corallinus (Gmelin, 1791) Clanculus cristinae Rubio & Rolan, 2002 Clanculus cruciatus (Linnaeus, 1758) Clanculus denticulatus (Gray, 1827) Clanculus depictus A. Adams, 1854 Clanculus dunkeri (Koch, 1843) † Clanculus echinasteris Vera-Peláez, 2022 Clanculus edentulus A. Adams, 1853 Clanculus elevatus Spadini, 1986 Clanculus escondidus Poppe, Tagaro & Vilvens, 2009 Clanculus eucarinatus Monfort 1810 Clanculus euchelioides R. Tate, 1893 Clanculus flagellatus (Philippi, 1848) Clanculus floridus (Philippi, 1850) Clanculus flosculus Fischer, 1880 Clanculus gemmulifer H. A. Pilsbry, 1901 † Clanculus granifer (Pantanelli, 1888) Clanculus granti Ch. Hedley, 1907 Clanculus guineensis Gmelin, 1791 † Clanculus gulyasi Kovács, Leél-Őssy & Vicián, 2023 † Clanculus hoernesi (Pantanelli, 1888) † Clanculus infraeocaenicus (Cossmann, 1892) Clanculus johnstoni Ch. Hedley, 1917 Clanculus jucundus Gould, 1861 Clanculus jussieui (Payraudeau, 1826) Clanculus korkosi Singer et al., 2000 † Clanculus krachi Nosowska, 2020 Clanculus kraussii (Philippi, 1846) † Clanculus landaui Spadini, 2006 Clanculus largillierti (Philippi, 1849) Clanculus laurae Cecalupo, Buzzurro & Mariani, 2008 Clanculus leucomphalus Verco, 1905 Clanculus limbatus (Quoy & Gaimard, 1834) † Clanculus lutosus Kensley & Pether, 1986 † Clanculus manganellii Spadini, 2006 Clanculus margaritarius (Philippi, 1849) Clanculus mariaemaris Rubio & Rolan, 2002 † Clanculus marqueti Spadini, 2006 Clanculus maugeri (Wood, 1828) Clanculus mauritianus Melvill, 1909 Clanculus maxillatus (C.T. Menke, 1843) Clanculus microdon Monfort 1810 Clanculus miniatus (H.E. Anton, 1839) Clanculus mixtus E.A. Smith, 1903 Clanculus multipunctatus Jansen, 1995 † Clanculus murrayi Carrington & Kensley, 1969 Clanculus natalensis Herbert, 1993 † Clanculus ozennei Crosse, 1862 Clanculus peccatus (H. J. Finlay, 1926) Clanculus persicus Habe & Shikama, 1964 Clanculus personatus (Philippi, 1846) Clanculus petziae Rubio & Rolan, 2002 Clanculus pharaonius (Linnaeus, 1758) Clanculus philippii (Koch, 1843) Clanculus pini Rubio & Rolan, 2002 Clanculus plebejus (Philippi, 1851) † Clanculus praecruciatus Mikhailovsky, 1903 † Clanculus pseudoaraonis (Strausz, 1960) Clanculus pseudocorallinus Gofas, 1984 Clanculus puniceus (Philippi, 1846) Clanculus quadricingulatus Ludbrook N.H., 1941 † Clanculus relictus Kosuge & Koizumi, 1990 † Clanculus rembangensis (Wanner & Hahn, 1935) Clanculus richeri Vilvens, 2000 Clanculus ringens C.T. Menke, 1843 † Clanculus robustus Friedberg, 1928 Clanculus samoensis (Hombron & Jacquinot, 1848) † Clanculus sancticlementensis Landau, Van Dingenen & Ceulemans, 2017 Clanculus santamariae Gofas, 1984 Clanculus satrapius (E. von Martens, 1874) Clanculus scabrosus (Philippi, 1850) Clanculus scotti Poppe, Tagaro & Dekker, 2006 Clanculus simoni Poppe, Tagaro & Dekker, 2006 Clanculus spadiceus Philippi, 1848 Clanculus stigmatarius A. Adams, 1853 Clanculus textilosus A. Adams, 1853 Clanculus thomasi (Crosse, 1864) Clanculus tonnerrei (G. Nevill & H. Nevill, 1874) † Clanculus tricingulatus Ludbrook, 1978 † Clanculus tuberculatus (Eichwald, 1830) † Clanculus turriculatus Sacco, 1896 † Clanculus umbilicovadus Landau, Van Dingenen & Ceulemans, 2017 Clanculus undatoides J. E. Tennison-Woods, 1879 Clanculus undatus (Lamarck, 1816) † Clanculus valdecinctus Fontannes, 1878 † Clanculus verai Lozano-Francisco & Vera-Peláez, 2002 Clanculus villanus (Philippi, 1846) Clanculus waltonae Sowerby, 1892 Species brought into synonymy : Clanculus alfredensis Bartsch, 1915 : synonym of Clanculus miniatus (Anton, 1838) Clanculus angeli Tenison-Woods, 1877 : synonym of Clanculus plebejus (Philippi, 1852) Clanculus assabensis Caramagna, 1888 : synonym of Clanculus tonnerrei (G. Nevill & H. Nevill, 1874) Clanculus becki Turton, 1932 : synonym of Clanculus miniatus (Anton, 1838) Clanculus bicrenatus Gould, 1849 : synonym of Trochus bicrenatus Gould, 1849 Clanculus blainvillii Cantraine, 1842 : synonym of Clanculus jussieui ( Payraudeau, 1826) Clanculus blandus Dunker, 1865 (nomen nudum): synonym of Clanculus stigmatarius A. Adams, 1853 Clanculus callicoccus (Philippi, 1849) : synonym of Trochus callicoccus Philippi, 1849 Clanculus capensis (Gmelin, 1791) : synonym of Gibbula capensis (Gmelin, 1791) Clanculus carinatus A. Adams, 1853 : synonym of Clanculus miniatus (Anton, 1838) Clanculus cariniferus (Beck in Reeve, 1842) : synonym of Trochus cariniferus Reeve, 1842 Clanculus clippertonensis Hertlein & Emerson 1953 : synonym of Homalopoma clippertonense (Hertlein & Emerson, 1953) Clanculus concavus (Gmelin) : synonym of Infundibulum concavum (Gmelin, 1791) Clanculus conspersus A. Adams, 1853 : synonym of Clanculus philippi (Koch in Philippi, 1843) Clanculus couturii Payraudeau, 1826 : synonym of Clanculus corallinus (Gmelin, 1791) Clanculus crassilabrum Sowerby III,1905 : synonym of Herpetopoma crassilabrum (G. B. Sowerby III, 1905) Clanculus danieli Crosse, 1862 : synonym of Eurytrochus danieli (Crosse, 1862) Clanculus dominicanus Tenison-Woods, 1877 : synonym of Clanculus plebejus (Philippi, 1852) Clanculus elevatus Turton, 1932 : synonym of Clanculus miniatus (Anton, 1838) Clanculus eucosmia Turton, 1932 : synonym of Clanculus miniatus (Anton, 1838) Clanculus gatliffi Tomlin, 1924 : synonym of Clanculus euchelioides Tate, 1893 Clanculus gemmatus Gould, 1845 : synonym of Euchelus gemmatus (Gould, 1845) Clanculus gennesi Fischer, 1901 : synonym of Clanculus tonnerrei (G. Nevill & H. Nevill, 1874) Clanculus gibbonsi Sowerby : synonym of Clanculus tonnerrei (G. Nevill & H. Nevill, 1874) Clanculus gibbosus A. Adams, 1853 : synonym of Clanculus floridus (Philippi, 1850) Clanculus granosus J. Brazier, 1877 : synonym of Clanculus bronni Dunker, 1860 Clanculus granoliratus Monterosato, 1889 : synonym of Clanculus jussieui (Payraudeau, 1826) Clanculus hizenensis Pilsbry, 1901 : synonym of Clanculus bronni Dunker, 1860 Clanculus howeinsulae Salisbury, 1936 : synonym of Clanculus thomasi (Crosse, 1862) Clanculus kinzelbachi F. Nordsieck, 1982 : synonym of Clanculus jussieui (Payraudeau, 1826) Clanculus kochii Philippi, 1844 : synonym of Trochus kochii Philippi, 1844 Clanculus kowiensis Turton, 1932 : synonym of Clanculus miniatus (Anton, 1838) Clanculus kraussi Philippi in Martini & Chemnitz, 1849 : synonym of Clanculus atricatena Tomlin, 1921 Clanculus laceyi G. B. Sowerby, 1889: synonym of Clanculus miniatus (Anton, 1838) Clanculus maculosus A. Adams, 1853 : synonym of Clanculus limbatus (Quoy & Gaimard, 1834) Clanculus microdon ater H. A. Pilsbry, 1911 : synonym of Clanculus ater Pilsbry, 1901 Clanculus miniatus (Anton, 1838) sensu Macnae & Kalk, 1969 : synonym of Clanculus puniceus (Philippi, 1846) Clanculus miniatus auct .: synonym of Clanculus waltonae Sowerby III, 1892 Clanculus nodiliratus A. Adams, 1853 : synonym of Clanculus plebejus (Philippi, 1852) Clanculus nodulosus A. Adams, 1855 : synonym of Trochus ferreirai Bozzetti, 1996 Clanculus ochroleucus (Philippi, 1853) : synonym of Clanculus albanyensis Jansen, 1995 Clanculus omalomphalus A. Adams, 1853 : synonym of Clanculus brunneus Adams, 1853 Clanculus patagonicus d'Orbigny, 1835 : synonym of Tegula patagonica (d'Orbigny, 1835) Clanculus peccatus (Finlay, 1927) : synonym of Clanculus (Paraclanculus) peccatus (Finlay, 1926) Clanculus philomenae Tenison-Woods, 1876 : synonym of Clanculus philippi (Koch in Philippi, 1843) Clanculus plabeius Pritchard & Gatliff, 1902 : synonym of Clanculus plebejus (Philippi, 1852) Clanculus puniceus (Linnaeus, 1758) : synonym of Clanculus atricatena Tomlin, 1921 Clanculus purpuratus Pilsbry, 1889 : synonym of Clanculus philippi (Koch in Philippi, 1843) Clanculus radiatus Gmelin, 1791 : synonym of Trochus radiatus Gmelin, 1791 Clanculus raphaeli Tenison-Woods, 1877 : synonym of Clanculus philippi (Koch in Philippi, 1843) Clanculus rotellina A. A. Gould, 1849 : synonym of Camitia rotellina (Gould, 1849) Clanculus rubens ("A. Adams") Angas, 1865 : synonym of Clanculus dunkeri Koch in Philippi, 1843 Clanculus samoensis Rousseau in Hombron, J.B. & C.H. Jacquinot, 1877 : synonym of Clanculus atropurpureus (Gould, 1849) Clanculus septenarius (Melvill & Standen, 1899) : synonym of Pulchrastele septenaria (Melvill & Standen, 1899) Clanculus trochiformis Turton, 1932: synonym of Clanculus miniatus (Anton, 1838) Clanculus unedo (A. Adams, 1853) : synonym of Clanculus margaritarius (Philippi, 1846) Clanculus variegatus A. Adams, 1853 : synonym of Clanculus limbatus (Quoy & Gaimard, 1834) Clanculus yatesii Crosse, 1863 : synonym of Clanculus philippii (Koch in Philippi, 1843) Clanculus zebrides A. Adams, 1853 : synonym of Clanculus brunneus Adams, 1853 ==References== NZ Mollusca Powell A. W. B., New Zealand Mollusca, William Collins Publishers Ltd, Auckland, New Zealand 1979 Checklist Blainville, H.M.D., 1817. Dictionnaire des Sciences Naturelles dans lequel on traite méthodiquement des différens êtres de la nature. Pilsbry, H.A., 1889. Manual of Conchology vol. XI Academy of Natural Sciences Philadelphia, Philadelphia. 1-519, pls 1-67 Satyamurti, S.T., 1952. Mollusca of Krusadai Is. I. Amphineura and Gastropoda. Bull. Madras Govt. Mus.; Nat. Hist.n.s., 1(2)(6):1-267. Ludbrook, N. H., 1956. The molluscan fauna of the Pliocene strata underlying the Adelaide Plains. Part 3. Scaphopoda, Polyplacophora, Gastropoda (Haliotidae to Tornidae). Trans. R. Soc. SA, 79:1-36 Cotton, B.C., 1959. South Australian Mollusca. Archaeogastropoda . South Australian Government Printer, Adelaide. 1-449. Iredale, T. & McMichael, D.F., 1962 [31/Dec/1962]. A reference list of the marine Mollusca of New South Wales. Mem. Aust. Mus., 11:0-0 Macpherson, J.H. & Gabriel, C.J., 1962. Marine Mollusca of Victoria. Melbourne Univ. Press, Melbourne. 475. Ladd, H.S., 1966 [31/Dec/1966]. Chitons and gastropods (Haliotidae through Adeorbidae) from the western Pacific Islands. United States Geological Survey, Professional Pape, 531:0-0 Rajagopal, A.S. & Mookherjee, H.P., 1978. Contributions to the molluscan fauna of India. Pt. I. Marine molluscs of the Coromandel Coast, Palk Strait and Gulf of Mannar - Gastropoda: Archaeogastropoda. Rec. Zool. Surv. India, 12:1-48 Herbert G.G. (1993). Revision of the Trochinae, tribe Trochini (Gastropoda: Trochidae) of southern Africa. Annals of the natal Museum 34(2):239-308 Wilson, B., 1993. Australian Marine Shells. Prosobranch Gastropods. Odyssey Publishing, Kallaroo, WA Jansen, P., 1995 [July 1995]. A review of the genus Clanculus Montfort, 1810 (Gastropoda: Trochidae) in Australia, with description of a new subspecies and the introduction of a nomen novum. Vita Marina, 43(1-2):39-62. Gofas, S.; Le Renard, J.; Bouchet, P. (2001). Mollusca, in: Costello, M.J. et al. (Ed.) (2001). European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Collection Patrimoines Naturels, 50: pp. 180–213

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