Lesson plan
Delayed stroke
For penmanship, the difference between on-line handwriting recognition and off-line handwriting recognition is that temporal information is present in the on-line pen-tip trajectory Xt, Yt. This means that the order of movements is contained with an on-line recording of handwriting on a Graphics Tablet. In handwriting recognition, the temporal information usually helps to disambiguate between characters that are touching in the image, but which are disparate in the temporal order. Nevertheless, the time information also introduces problems in cases where the writer goes back and forth over the page. The most common example is putting the dot on a letter i or j, or the horizontal bar of a lower-case letter t. Such an action can be performed either immediately after writing a letter or can be delayed to a later moment. There are different strategies. Some writers produce the dots after finishing a word while others finish a complete sentence or even paragraph of text before producing the delayed strokes for dots and bars. Whereas the optical result may appear impeccable, an on-line handwriting recognition system must attribute each delayed stroke to the correct character in the production sequence. The delayed stroke illustrates that knowing the temporal stroke order is not always helpful in the handwriting recognition process.
Article summary
For penmanship, the difference between on-line handwriting recognition and off-line handwriting recognition is that temporal information is present in the on-line pen-tip trajectory Xt, Yt. This means that the order of movements is contained with an on-line recording of handwriting on a Graphics Tablet. In handwriting recognition, the temporal information usually helps to disambiguate between characters that are touching in the image, but which are disparate in the temporal order. Nevertheless, the time information also introduces problems in cases where the writer goes back and forth over the page. The most common example is putting the dot on a letter i or j, or the horizontal bar of a lower-case letter t. Such an action can be performed either immediately after writing a letter or can be delayed to a later moment. There are different strategies. Some writers produce the dots after finishing a word while others finish a complete sentence or even paragraph of text before producing the delayed strokes for dots and bars. Whereas the optical result may appear impeccable, an on-line handwriting recognition system must attribute each delayed stroke to the correct character in the production sequence. The delayed stroke illustrates that knowing the temporal stroke order is not always helpful in the handwriting recognition process.
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Discussion questions
- Summarise the article in your own words. Which single claim would you verify first, and why?
- Which claim in this article is most likely to be revised as the sources update? How would you check its current status?
- If two sources disagreed about one of these facts, what would you need in order to trust one over the other?
Bibliography
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Key claims and bibliography are generated from the same tracked claims and sources as the article page.