Dutar
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(left) in the Horniman Museum, London, United Kingdom The dutar (also dotar; ; ; ; ; ; ) is a traditional Iranian long-necked two-stringed lute found in Iran and Central Asia. Its name comes from the Persian word for "two strings", دوتار do tār (< دو do "two",تار tār "string"), although the Herati dutar of Afghanistan has fourteen strings. Dutar is very popular in Tajikistan and Khorasan province of Iran. When played, the strings are usually plucked by the Uyghurs of Western China and strummed and plucked by the Tajiks, Turkmen, Uzbeks. Related instruments include the Kazakh dombra. The dutar is also an important instrument among the tork of Khorasan amongst whom Haj Ghorban Soleimani of Quchan was a noted virtuoso. In tork one who plays the dutar is known as a (bakhshi) similar to Turkmen , while in Azeri the term is ashiq. Khorasan bakhshi music is recognized on the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. At the time of the dutar's humble origins in the 15th century as a shepherd's instrument its strings were made from gut. However, with the opening up of the Silk Road, catgut gave way to strings made from twisted silk imported from China. To this day some instruments still feature silk strings, although nylon or steel strings are also commonly used. The dutar has a warm, dulcet tone.…
(left) in the Horniman Museum, London, United Kingdom]] The dutar (also dotar; ; ; ; ; ; ) is a traditional Iranian long-necked two-stringed lute found in Iran and Central Asia. Its name comes from the Persian word for "two strings", دوتار do tār (< دو do "two",تار tār "string"), although the Herati dutar of Afghanistan has fourteen strings. Dutar is very popular in Tajikistan and Khorasan province of Iran. When played, the strings are usually plucked by the Uyghurs of Western China and strummed and plucked by the Tajiks, Turkmen, Uzbeks. Related instruments include the Kazakh dombra. The dutar is also an important instrument among the tork of Khorasan amongst whom Haj Ghorban Soleimani of Quchan was a noted virtuoso. In tork one who plays the dutar is known as a (bakhshi) similar to Turkmen , while in Azeri the term is ashiq. Khorasan bakhshi music is recognized on the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. At the time of the dutar's humble origins in the 15th century as a shepherd's instrument its strings were made from gut. However, with the opening up of the Silk Road, catgut gave way to strings made from twisted silk imported from China. To this day some instruments still feature silk strings, although nylon or steel strings are also commonly used. The dutar has a warm, dulcet tone. Typical sizes for the pear-shaped instrument range from one to two meters. Typically it is tuned La Re or A D, but it also depends on the region.
Notable players
Turgun Alimatov (1922–2008) Abdurahim Hamidov (1952–2013) Abdurehim Heyit (Uyghur) (1962–) Alireza Soleimani (Aliabad, Khorasan) Haj Ghorban Soleimani (1920–2008) Sanubar Tursun (1971–)
See also
Shashmaqam Turgun Alimatov Dotara Bağlama Çiftelia Music of Iran Music of Afghanistan Music of Tajikistan Music of Turkmenistan Music of Central Asia
References
External links
Listen famous Dutar tunes Encyclopedia of Persian Music Instruments Dutar Music of Turkmenistan (ethnomusicology essay by Graham Flett, 2001)
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