Lesson plan
Flapping
Flapping or tapping, also known as alveolar flapping, intervocalic flapping, or t-voicing, is a phonological process involving the phonemes and sometimes being pronounced as voiced alveolar taps or flaps (sounds produced by briefly tapping the alveolar ridge with the tongue) when occurring between vowels. It is found in many varieties of English, especially North American, Cardiff, Ulster, Australian and New Zealand English. In London English, the flapped is perceived as a casual pronunciation intermediate between the affricate with higher class associations, and the glottal stop with lower class associations. In these named varieties, outside of Britain, , the voiced counterpart of , is also frequently pronounced as a flap in such positions, making pairs of words like latter and ladder sound similar or identical. In similar positions, the combination may be pronounced as a nasalized flap , making winter sound similar or identical to winner. Flapping of is sometimes perceived as the replacement of with ; for example, the word butter pronounced with flapping may be heard as "budder". In other dialects of English, such as South African English, Scottish English, some Northern England English (like Scouse), and older varieties of Received Pronunciation, the flap is a variant of (see Pronunciation of English ).
Article summary
Flapping or tapping, also known as alveolar flapping, intervocalic flapping, or t-voicing, is a phonological process involving the phonemes and sometimes being pronounced as voiced alveolar taps or flaps (sounds produced by briefly tapping the alveolar ridge with the tongue) when occurring between vowels. It is found in many varieties of English, especially North American, Cardiff, Ulster, Australian and New Zealand English. In London English, the flapped is perceived as a casual pronunciation intermediate between the affricate with higher class associations, and the glottal stop with lower class associations. In these named varieties, outside of Britain, , the voiced counterpart of , is also frequently pronounced as a flap in such positions, making pairs of words like latter and ladder sound similar or identical. In similar positions, the combination may be pronounced as a nasalized flap , making winter sound similar or identical to winner. Flapping of is sometimes perceived as the replacement of with ; for example, the word butter pronounced with flapping may be heard as "budder". In other dialects of English, such as South African English, Scottish English, some Northern England English (like Scouse), and older varieties of Received Pronunciation, the flap is a variant of (see Pronunciation of English ).
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Discussion questions
- Summarise the article in your own words. Which single claim would you verify first, and why?
- Which claim in this article is most likely to be revised as the sources update? How would you check its current status?
- If two sources disagreed about one of these facts, what would you need in order to trust one over the other?
Bibliography
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Key claims and bibliography are generated from the same tracked claims and sources as the article page.