Force lines
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Force lines is a method used in solid mechanics for visualization of internal forces in a deformed body. A force line is a curve representing graphically the internal force acting within a body across imaginary internal surfaces. The force lines show the maximal internal forces and their directions.
Force lines is a method used in solid mechanics for visualization of internal forces in a deformed body. A force line is a curve representing graphically the internal force acting within a body across imaginary internal surfaces. The force lines show the maximal internal forces and their directions. Image: HoleForceLines.gif| Figure 1. Force lines in a plate with a hole. Image: CrackForceLines.gif| Figure 2. Force lines in a plate with a central crack. Image: BendingForceLines.png| Figure 3. Force lines in a beam under pure bending. Figure 1 shows an example of force lines in a body with a hole under tension. The force lines are denser near the hole. The visualization helps to explain the stress concentration. Figure 2 shows the force lines in a body with a crack. The cracks are the most dangerous stress concentrator: the intensity of the force lines is high in the crack tip (see Fracture mechanics). Figure 3 shows the case of pure bending of a beam with rectangular cross section. There are no internal forces at the neutral axis of the beam. The tensile and compressive force lines are symmetrical and are denser at the beam’s edge. ==See also== Fracture Engineering stress Stress concentration Stress intensity factor Strength of materials Structural fracture mechanics ==References==
Text derived from https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1251259910 under CC BY-SA 4.0; modifications have been made.