Funcusvermis

Article summary

Funcusvermis is an extinct genus of stem-caecilian from the Late Triassic of Arizona. It is based on a large sample of jaws and other skull and postcranial fragments, discovered in an approximately 220 million years old layer of rock in the Blue Mesa Member of the Chinle Formation at Petrified Forest National Park. There is a single species, called Funcusvermis gilmorei. The identity of Funcusvermis as a gymnophionan amphibian is supported by a range of traits, including a long additional tooth row in the jaw, a fused maxillopalatine bone in the skull, and a modified jaw with a pseudodentary and pseudoangular. Small femora (thigh bones) indicate that legs were still present in Funcusvermis, despite its modern relatives being completely legless. Funcusvermis is the oldest known gymnophionan, and has the largest known sample of fossils referred to the group. Previously, both records were held by Eocaecilia micropodia, an amphibian from the Early Jurassic Kayenta Formation of Arizona. The discovery of Funcusvermis provides a strong link between caecilians and other lissamphibians (frogs and salamanders), as well as extinct dissorophoid temnospondyls such as Gerobatrachus. It supports the consensus hypothesis for lissamphibian evolution, with Lissamphibia as a monophyletic group with a single common ancestor among the dissorophoids.…

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