Hadharem

The Hadharem ( ; singular: Hadhrami, ) are an Arab ethnographic group indigenous to the Hadhramaut region in the Arabian Peninsula, which is part of modern-day Yemen, southern Oman, and southern Saudi Arabia. The spoken language of the Hadharem is Hadhrami Arabic. Among the two million inhabitants of Hadhramaut, there are about 1,300 distinct tribes.

The Hadharem ( ; singular: Hadhrami, ) are an Arab ethnographic group indigenous to the Hadhramaut region in the Arabian Peninsula, which is part of modern-day Yemen, southern Oman, and southern Saudi Arabia. The spoken language of the Hadharem is Hadhrami Arabic. Among the two million inhabitants of Hadhramaut, there are about 1,300 distinct tribes. ==Language== The Hadharem speak Hadhrami Arabic, a dialect of Arabic, although Hadharem living in the diaspora that have acculturated mainly speak the local language of the region they live in. ==Diaspora== , 1920]] , 22 February 1937]] The Hadharem have a long seafaring and trading tradition that predates Semitic cultures. Hadramite influence was later overshadowed by the rise of the Sabaeans, who became the ruling class. This prompted Hadhrami families to emigrate in large numbers around the Indian Ocean basin, including the Horn of Africa, the Swahili Coast, the Malabar Coast, Hyderabad in South India, Sri Lanka, and Maritime Southeast Asia. In the mid 1930s the Hadhrami Diaspora numbered at 110,000, amounting to a third of the total Hadhrami population. ===Hadhrami East Africans=== The Hadharem have long had a presence in the Horn of Africa (Djibouti, Ethiopia and Somalia), and also comprise a notable part of the Harari population. Hadhrami settlers were instrumental in helping to consolidate the Muslim community in the coastal Benadir province of Somalia, in particular. During the colonial period, disgruntled Hadharem from the tribal wars settled in various Somali towns. They were also frequently recruited into the armies of the Somali Sultanates. Some Hadhrami communities also reportedly exist in Mozambique, Comoros, and Madagascar. ===Hadhrami Jews=== attire]] The vast majority of the Hadhrami Jews now live in Israel. ==Notable people== ===Yemen=== Mohammed A. Al-Hadhrami, former Foreign Minister of the Republic of Yemen (2019-2020) Abd Al-Rahman Ali Al-Jifri, politician Abdulaziz Al-Saqqaf, human-rights activist Faisal Bin Shamlan, politician Habib Ali al-Jifri, Islamic scholar Habib Umar bin Hafiz, Islamic scholar Habib Abdullah bin Alwi al-Haddad, Sufi saint Imam Muhammad al-Faqih Muqaddam, founder of Ba'alawi Sufi order Sayyid Abu Bakr Al-Aidarus (saint) ===Swahili Coast=== Awadh Saleh Sherman, Kenya, businessman Najib Balala, Kenya, former Minister of Tourism Ahmed Abdallah Mohamed Sambi, former President of Comoros Habib Salih, Lamu, Kenya, religious scholar Khadija Abdalla Bajaber, Mombasa, Kenya, poet and novelist ===Horn of Africa=== Mohammed Al Amoudi, Ethiopia, businessman ===Indonesia=== Abdurrahman Baswedan, Journalist Abdurrahman Shihab, Academic and Politician Najwa Shihab, Journalist and tv presenter Abu Bakar Bashir, founder of Jamaah Islamiyah Ali Alatas, former Foreign Minister Ahmad bin Abdullah Al Saqqaf, novelist and poet Alwi Shihab, former Foreign Minister, special envoy to Middle East and OIC Anies Baswedan, scholar, former Education Minister, Governor of Jakarta (2017-2022) Fadel Muhammad al-Haddar, former Minister of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries Fuad Hassan, Minister of Education and Culture Hamid Algadri, a figure in Indonesian National Revolution and member of parliament Sultan Hamid II, Pontianak Sultanate Habib Abdoe'r Rahman Alzahier, religious leader Habib Ali al-Habshi of Kwitang, religious leader Habib Munzir Al-Musawa, Islamic cleric Habib Rizieq Shihab, founder of FPI Habib Usman bin Yahya, Mufti of Batavia Jafar Umar Thalib, founder of Laskar Jihad Munir Said Thalib Al-Kathiri, human rights activist Nuruddin ar-Raniri, Islamic scholar Quraish Shihab, Islamic scholar Raden Saleh, Artist/painter Said Naum, a philanthropist Sayyid Abdullah Al-Aidarus, religious leader Andi Soraya, Actress Ahmad Albar, Musician ===East Timor=== Mari Alkatiri, former Prime Minister ===Malaysia=== Habib Alwi bin Thahir al-Haddad, former Mufti of Johor Bahru Syed Muhammad Naquib al-Attas, philosopher Syed Hussein Alatas, politician and sociologist Abdullah bin Abdul Kadir, writer Syed Hamid Albar, politician Syed Jaafar Albar, politician Syed Sheh Hassan Barakbah, judge Syarif Masahor, warrior Syed Mokhtar Al-Bukhary businessman Syed Nasir Ismail, politician Tun Habib Abdul Majid, Grand Vizier Zeti Akhtar Aziz, former governor of Central Bank House of Jamalullail (Perak) House of Jamalullail (Perlis) Syed Saddiq, politician ===Singapore=== The Hadharem presence in Singapore came from encouragement of Stamford Raffles to trade in his newly established colony of Singapore. Alsagoff family Syed Abdul Rahman Alsagoff, merchant Syed Mohamed Alsagoff, military leader Syed Sharif Omar bin Ali Al Junied, merchant and namesake of Aljunied Road ===South Asia=== Ahmed Bin Abdullah Balala, Indian politician Ahmed Abdullah Masdoosi, Indian activist and lawyer Nuruddin ar-Raniri, Indian Islamic scholar Subhani ba Yunus, Pakistani actor Syed Ahmed El Edroos, Indian Army general of Hyderabad Sayyid Farooq al-Aydarus, Bangladeshi politician and army officer Sulaiman Areeb, Indian poet Awaz Sayeed, Indian Urdu writer and poet from Hyderabad Ausaf Sayeed, Indian Ambassador, Diplomat and scholar from Hyderabad ===Saudi Arabia=== Bin Laden family Mohammed Al Amoudi, businessman Khalid bin Mahfouz Omar Al Saqqaf, Diplomat ===United Kingdom=== Shatha Altowai, visual artist, painter Saber Bamatraf, Yemeni pianist, composer, and cultural activist. ==See also== Hadhramout Region Arab Indonesians Hadrami sheikhdom History of the Jews in Hadramaut Ibn Khaldun al-Hadrami Lemba people Yemenite Jews ==References== ==Further reading== AHMED BIN SALAM BAHIYAL who came from hadramaut to MAHABUBNAGAR (HYDERABAD) INDIA, 1821

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