Intelligence field

The intelligence field, also known as the intelligence business, the intelligence establishment, the intelligence complex, the intelligence industry, the field of intelligence, or the business of intelligence is the global industry revolving around intelligence in all of its forms. The intelligence field is composed of people, groups, and organizations who deal—directly or indirectly—with intelligence, and/or support those people that do. This industry contains; lawyers (not only those practicing intelligence law), professors and academics (not just those in intelligence studies), diplomats, biologists, chemists, astronomers, photographers, videographers, information technology specialists, historians, economists, data scientists, graphic designers, psychologists and profilers, essayists, intelligence analysts, c-suite executives, hackers, coders, and software developers, among others. Individuals employed by intelligence organizations are usually fully employed officers of intelligence agencies called intelligence officers. Those persons popularly called "spies" make up only a small part of the intelligence field—so small that some scholars have even argued that the work of spying, called espionage, is anachronistic and unnecessary in the modern intelligence field.…

The intelligence field, also known as the intelligence business, the intelligence establishment, the intelligence complex, the intelligence industry, the field of intelligence, or the business of intelligence is the global industry revolving around intelligence in all of its forms. The intelligence field is composed of people, groups, and organizations who deal—directly or indirectly—with intelligence, and/or support those people that do. This industry contains; lawyers (not only those practicing intelligence law), professors and academics (not just those in intelligence studies), diplomats, biologists, chemists, astronomers, photographers, videographers, information technology specialists, historians, economists, data scientists, graphic designers, psychologists and profilers, essayists, intelligence analysts, c-suite executives, hackers, coders, and software developers, among others. Individuals employed by intelligence organizations are usually fully employed officers of intelligence agencies called intelligence officers. Those persons popularly called "spies" make up only a small part of the intelligence field—so small that some scholars have even argued that the work of spying, called espionage, is anachronistic and unnecessary in the modern intelligence field. In other words, just as not everyone in the film industry is an actor, not everyone in the intelligence field is a spy, or even deals with intelligence. In sum, Hager Ben Jaffel and Sebastian Larsson write: ...doing intelligence today could mean anything from informing high politics and producing risk assessments, to dealing with the mundanities of the everyday labor of law enforcement, to managing vast databases involving intricate computerized surveillance solutions. One derogatory term that has been used to describe the intelligence field, especially in the United States, is the intelligence-industrial complex. ===Intelligence collection (also known as espionage)=== , also known as intelligence gathering. This craft is declining in numbers with newer technologies. The traditional manner in which intelligence has been cultivated, gathered, or collected throughout history, is by using contractual agents known as "spies." It is the job of a spy to gather this information, and their career field is known as espionage. For governments, spying occurs during both wartime and peacetime, so to say that intelligence is knowledge of the enemy is an incomplete definition, because intelligence collection also occurs against allies. Spies are often single and mission-specific solitary contracting agents who are commonly known as "secret agents." Espionage, as an occupation, is older than the intelligence field by thousands of years. Espionage is so old that it is often jokingly called "the world's second oldest profession." However, and especially with the advancement of modern technologies – the collection of information has grown far beyond the capabilities of the traditional spy. ===Surveillance and mass surveillance=== – allowed for the creation of a new form of intelligence collection through surveillance. Surveillance is often considered as either a tool or a method, and it is one of the newer and non-traditional forms of intelligence collection, which has grown with the advent of modern technologies, such as the printing press and postal systems. The first mass surveillance systems ever created were those post offices in response to the proliferation of written correspondences after the former barriers to communication were lowered. While governments and companies provided the service of carrying the post and dispatches, they also engaged in postal censorship. In fact, the oldest law enforcement agency in the world was the Post Office Investigation Branch – until the British Royal Mail was privatized in 1996, splintering from Post Office Limited. After centuries, newer communications technologies were invented using radio frequencies, especially the telegraph and the telephone. One such radio device was called a bug. The Thing was a famous bug deployed by the NKGB shortly after the end of World War II. It was a gift of the Soviet Union to US Ambassador W. Averell Harriman, and hung on the walls of the Embassy of the United States in London from 1945 to 1951. Today, mass surveillance is carried out over the internet. Computer programs, softwares, and malware – like keyloggers and spyware – are deployed by any interested party in collecting massive pattern of life profiles through the monitoring of digital footprints. Revelations discovered after the Snowden disclosures by the former US government contract employee revealed that the National Security Agency (NSA) had already deployed malware against American citizens without their knowledge or consent. s are being increasingly deployed by intelligence agencies to track the movements of humans across the planet. Surveillance has also become the progenitor of over one billion surveillance cameras scattered around the world, which are video cameras designed for the purposes of monitoring human movements. Mostly, these cameras are used by police departments or security services, but they are also often incorporated into the capabilities of the intelligence field. Greater London was once known as the surveillance capitol of the world, and there remains a surveillance camera on nearly every street corner there. Over 50% of all the world's surveillance cameras are in China. Today, video camera surveillance uses facial recognition systems and gait analysis to identify "suspected" individuals. In London, for example, the Metropolitan Police officers working at video monitors use facial recognition to match a list of suspects – as many as 6,000 or more within the city alone – to those "matches" identified by the system. The surveillance network of the United Kingdom is overseen by the Biometrics and Surveillance Camera Commissioner. ===Open-source intelligence collection and management=== , and is largely credited for transforming the OSINT space into a viable career path alternative. Open-source intelligence (often abbreviated as OSINT) is the information that has been collected through means that are publicly available to anyone and collating that information into consumable intelligence products. OSINT collection is considered to be one of the more traditional crafts within intelligence, dating back to at least the 16th century and the Council of Ten. Through much of history, after the creation of publicly available information to be found in newspapers, journals, and news magazines – the job of an OSINT officer was to sit for hours every day reading those relevant publications. OSINT still maintains that core principle, but has also become inundated with the rapid and constant flow of modern information on the internet with ever-shrinking news cycles. OSINT has become so integrated into intelligence collection that some scholars of intelligence studies write that it is "the lifeblood of intelligence." In order to sift through the massive amounts of raw data nearly overwhelming the basic wage government employees of intelligence agencies, the Central Intelligence Agency created In-Q-Tel to raise the capital for private intelligence agencies that would manage OSINT for them. collection – even though most analysts regard it as unreliable. After the 2010s, the definition of OSINT collection often incorporates the website Wikipedia somewhere in that definition, or conversation – because this website itself is built as an open source information platform. Wikipedia is now often considered a first-base for OSINT collectors, and veteran analysts will train their newer recruits to use this website. While the information here is sometimes wrong, leaders train that it is important for an OSINT collector to know where a Wikipedian got their information, because the information landscape here represents knowledge in the popular zeitgeist. OSINT collection is merely the practice of observing the information provided by a source, but it is no longer considered OSINT collection when those collectors decide to contribute information to Wikipedia – that is when it becomes information warfare. In 2007, for example, one incident that violated the Wikipedia terms of service occurred when users at IP addresses registered to computers owned by the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) and the CIA were discovered having edited several pages, violating the conflict of interest. Another concern for the industry is that enemies and "bad actors" might use open sources to send hidden communications. For example, since anyone is allowed to edit Wikipedia, something that might appear as random editing or vandalism might actually be a coded message to sleeper agents, stay-behind networks, or other spies deployed in the field. This is called steganography – one famous example was the secret code broadcast over the radio in Rwanda which signaled to the militia that the Rwandan genocide had begun, and that they needed to begin fighting: "It's time to cut down the tall trees." ====United States President's Daily Brief==== is seen here receiving the President's Daily Brief from Robert Cardillo. The most well-known intelligence briefing in the history of the intelligence field is the United States President's Daily Brief (PDB), of which intelligence analysts have been assigned as briefers to the President of the United States over the years, to present the daily product of the largest intelligence community in the world. The PDB has existed for over half-a-century, and every US President has had different methods of consuming the intelligence. Some Presidents have preferred to arrange full briefing sessions with several people in the room and a question-and-answer session, while other Presidents have preferred to consume the PDB as a written product silently by the fireplace. and First Lady Lady Bird Johnson read the President's Daily Brief aloud to their grandchild, Patrick Lyndon Nugent, for story time. During his first term, Donald Trump notoriously refused to partake in many of the PDB's that had been tasked specifically for him, preferring to pass on this responsibility and give it to people more qualified, often because he could not understand the concepts that had already been simplified for him. Many people assumed that Trump could not read well enough to consume the written products, and on the rare occasions that he attended, he preferred to receive his briefings orally. He did look at the pictures. When he did attend, he would sometimes receive verifiable information that he dismissed immediately, preferring to believe foreign leaders over his own CIA staff, especially concerning an incident where Trump was informed that Russia had ordered bounties on US servicemembers stationed in Afghanistan. During his second term, he has nearly scrapped the PDB altogether. The Chinese and the Russians have similar variations on the theme of the PDB, received at Zhongnanhai and the Kremlin. ===Police departments=== , Larry Hogan, is seen here receiving intelligence from Israeli police during a trip there. In what has often been called mission creep, the leading criminal intelligence bureaus and departments in cities around the world often change their core mission set depending on what Art Hulnick called the threat du jour. Threat du jour, in this respect, follows that when the perceived threat against society was Communism, criminal intelligence units focused on suppressing Communist organizations. Similarly, when the USSR was created and the Okhrana was dissolved, Russian criminal intelligence focused on suppressing what they called the Capitalist disease there. When that threat became organized crime, these units shifted to largely become gang units, and when narcotics became the threat du jour, those gang units became anti-narcotics task forces. Today, criminal intelligence organizations have largely been absorbed into counterterrorism bureaus, with terrorism becoming the new threat du jour. The same work might be performed, but around the world, more money and effort has been allocated to counterterrorism over standard intelligence collection since the start of the Global War On Terror. Specifically in the United States, however, that relationship goes back much further, to the 1980s, when William Colby created the Counterterrorism Task Force. London's former Special Branch, for example, which was the single-largest municipal criminal intelligence branch in the world, was absorbed into the Counter Terrorism Command in 2006. Los Angeles's Counter-Terrorism and Criminal Intelligence Bureau was merged in 2010 with the former Special Operations Bureau to create the Counter-Terrorism and Special Operations Bureau. Chicago's Bureau of Organized Crime (which was designed to hunt gangsters like Al Capone), is now the Bureau of Counter Terrorism. ==See also== Security sector governance and reform

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