Package testing

in a plastic bag of carrots Package testing or packaging testing involves the measurement of a characteristic or property involved with packaging. This includes packaging materials, packaging components, primary packages, shipping containers, and unit loads, as well as the associated processes. Testing measures the effects and interactions of the levels of packaging, the package contents, external forces, and end-use. It can involve controlled laboratory experiments, subjective evaluations by people, or field testing. Documentation is important: formal test method, test report, photographs, video, etc. Testing can be a qualitative or quantitative procedure. Package testing is often a physical test. With some types of packaging such as food and pharmaceuticals, chemical tests are conducted to determine suitability of food contact materials. Testing programs range from simple tests with little replication to more thorough experimental designs. Package testing can extend for the full life cycle. Packages can be tested for their ability to be recycled and their ability to degrade as surface litter, in a sealed landfill or under composting conditions.

in a plastic bag of carrots]] Package testing or packaging testing involves the measurement of a characteristic or property involved with packaging. This includes packaging materials, packaging components, primary packages, shipping containers, and unit loads, as well as the associated processes. Testing measures the effects and interactions of the levels of packaging, the package contents, external forces, and end-use. It can involve controlled laboratory experiments, subjective evaluations by people, or field testing. Documentation is important: formal test method, test report, photographs, video, etc. Testing can be a qualitative or quantitative procedure. Package testing is often a physical test. With some types of packaging such as food and pharmaceuticals, chemical tests are conducted to determine suitability of food contact materials. Testing programs range from simple tests with little replication to more thorough experimental designs. Package testing can extend for the full life cycle. Packages can be tested for their ability to be recycled and their ability to degrade as surface litter, in a sealed landfill or under composting conditions. ==Thermal shock== Some packages, particularly glass, can be sensitive to sudden changes in temperature: Thermal shock. One method of testing involves rapid movement from cold to hot water baths, and back. ===Relevant tests=== ASTM C149 -Standard Test Method for Thermal Shock Resistance of Glass Containers MIL-STD-810G METHOD 503.5 ==Handles== Package handles (and hand holes in packages) assist carrying and handling packages. Objective laboratory procedures are frequently used to help determine performance. Fixtured "hands" of various designs are used to hold a handle (sometimes two handles for a box). Most common are "jerk testing" by modified drop test procedures or use of the constant pull rates of a universal testing machine. Other procedures use a static force by hanging a heavily loaded package for an extended time or even using a centrifuge. ===Relevant tests=== ASTM D6804, Standard Guide for Hand Hole Design in Corrugated Boxes, Appendix ASTM F852 Specification for Portable Gasoline, Kerosene, and Diesel Containers for Consumer Use, section 7.2 Centrifugal test of beverage carrier handle ===Relevant Tests=== ASTM Standard D642 Test Method for Determining Compressive Resistance of Shipping Containers, Components, and Unit Loads. ASTM Standard D4577 Test Method for Compression Resistance of a Container Under Constant Load ASTM Standard D7030 Test Method for Short Term Creep Performance of Corrugated Fiberboard Containers Under Constant Load Using a Compression Test Machine German Standard DIN 55440-1 Packaging Test; compression test; test with a constant conveyance-speed ISO 12048 Packaging—Complete, filled transport packages—Compression and stacking tests using a compression tester ==Bar codes== Package bar codes are evaluated for several aspects of legibility by bar code verifiers as part of a continuing quality program. More thorough validation may include evaluations after use (and abuse) testing such as sunlight, abrasion, impact, moisture, etc. ===Relevant tests=== ISO/IEC 15426 Information technology - Automatic identification and data capture techniques - Bar code verifier conformance specification - Part 1: Linear symbols, Part 2: Two-dimensional symbols ==External links== Institute of Packaging Professionals International Safe Transit Association (ISTA) American Society for Testing and Materials Safe Load Testing Technologies, 'All you need to know about Amazon ISTA Test', 2018 Test Method Validation, Westpak, 2021 [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BCoZ-Njt1Ak]

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