Phaedo

Phaedo ( ; , Phaidōn) is a dialogue written by Plato, in which Socrates discusses the immortality of the soul and the nature of the afterlife with his friends in the hours leading up to his death. Socrates explores various arguments for the soul's immortality with the Pythagorean philosophers Simmias and Cebes of Thebes in order to show that there is an afterlife in which the soul will dwell following death. The dialogue concludes with a mythological narrative of the descent into Tartarus and an account of Socrates' execution.

Phaedo ( ; , Phaidōn) is a dialogue written by Plato, in which Socrates discusses the immortality of the soul and the nature of the afterlife with his friends in the hours leading up to his death. Socrates explores various arguments for the soul's immortality with the Pythagorean philosophers Simmias and Cebes of Thebes in order to show that there is an afterlife in which the soul will dwell following death. The dialogue concludes with a mythological narrative of the descent into Tartarus and an account of Socrates' execution. ==Texts and translations== ===Original texts=== Greek text, Platonis Opera, ed. John Burnet. Oxford University Press (1903), at Perseus Plato. Opera, volume I. Oxford Classical Texts. Plato. Phaedo. Cambridge Greek and Latin Classics. Greek text with introduction and commentary by C. J. Rowe. Cambridge University Press, 1993. ===Original texts with translation=== Plato: Euthyphro, Apology, Crito, Phaedo, Phaedrus. Greek with translation by Harold N. Fowler. Loeb Classical Library 36. Harvard Univ. Press (originally published 1914¹). Fowler translation at Perseus Plato: Euthyphro, Apology, Crito, Phaedo. Greek with translation by Chris Emlyn-Jones and William Preddy. Loeb Classical Library 36. Harvard Univ. Press, 2017. HUP listing ===Translations=== The Last Days of Socrates, translation of Euthyphro, Apology, Crito, Phaedo. Hugh Tredennick, 1954. . Made into a BBC radio play in 1986. Plato: Phaedo. Hackett Classics, 2nd edition. Hackett Publishing Company, 1977. Translated by G. M. A. Grube. Plato. Complete Works. Hackett, 1997. Translated by G. M. A. Grube. Plato: Meno and Phaedo. Cambridge Texts in the History of Philosophy. By David Sedley (Editor) and Alex Long (Translator). Cambridge University Press, 2010. ==Notes== ==References== Frede, Dorothea. 1978. "The Final Proof of the Immortality of the Soul in Plato's Phaedo 102a–107a". Phronesis, 23.1: 27–41. ==Further reading== Bobonich, Christopher. 2002. "Philosophers and Non-Philosophers in the Phaedo and the Republic." In Plato's Utopia Recast: His Later Ethics and Politics, 1–88. Oxford: Clarendon. Brill, Sara. 2013. Plato on the Limits of Human Life. Bloomington: Indiana University Press. Dorter, Kenneth. 1982. Plato's Phaedo: An Interpretation. Toronto: Univ. of Toronto Press. Frede, Dorothea. 2005. Platons ‘Phaidon’. Der Traum von der Unsterblichkeit der Seele [Plato’s ‘Phaedo’. The dream of the immortality of the soul]. 2nd edition. Darmstadt: WBG, . Futter, D. 2014. "The Myth of Theseus in Plato's Phaedo". Akroterion, 59: 88–104. Gosling, J. C. B., and C. C. W. Taylor. 1982. "Phaedo" [In] The Greeks on Pleasure, 83–95. Oxford, UK: Clarendon. Holmes, Daniel. 2008. "Practicing Death in Petronius' Cena Trimalchionis and Plato's Phaedo". Classical Journal, 104(1): 43–57. Irwin, Terence. 1999. "The Theory of Forms". [In] Plato 1: Metaphysics and Epistemology, 143–170. Edited by Gail Fine. Oxford Readings in Philosophy. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press. Long, Anthony A. 2005. “Platonic Souls as Persons.” In Metaphysics, Soul, and Ethics in Ancient Thought: Themes from the Work of Richard Sorabji, edited by R. Salles, 173–191. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Most, Glenn W. 1993. "A Cock for Asclepius". Classical Quarterly, 43(1): 96–111. Nakagawa, Sumio. 2000. "Recollection and Forms in Plato's Phaedo." Hermathena, 169: 57–68. Sedley, David. 1995. "The Dramatis Personae of Plato's Phaedo." [In] Philosophical Dialogues: Plato, Hume, and Wittgenstein, 3–26 Edited by Timothy J. Smiley. Proceedings of the British Academy 85. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press. ==External links== Approaching Plato: A Guide to the Early and Middle Dialogues Guides to the Socratic Dialogues, a beginner's guide The grammatical puzzles of Socrates' Last Words Religion and Mythology in Ancient Greece Online versions Benjamin Jowett, 1892: full text George Theodoridis, 2016: full text he:פאידון

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