{
  "id": "enwiki-001279085474",
  "slug": "punching",
  "title": "Punching",
  "qid": "",
  "lead": "was used on the left. Punching is a forming process that uses a punch press to force a tool, called a punch, through the workpiece to create a hole via shearing. Punching is applicable to a wide variety of materials that come in sheet form, including sheet metal, paper, vulcanized fibre and some forms of plastic sheet. The punch often passes through the work into a die. A scrap slug from the hole is deposited into the die in the process. Depending on the material being punched this slug may be recycled and reused or discarded. Punching is often the cheapest method for creating holes in sheet materials in medium to high production volumes. When a specially shaped punch is used to create multiple usable parts from a sheet of material (i.e. the punched-out piece is the good piece), the process is known as blanking. In metal forging applications the work is often punched while hot, and this is called hot punching. Slugging is a type of metal-punching operation in which the action of the punch is stopped as soon as metal fracture is complete; the punched piece is not removed but is left in the hole.",
  "body": "was used on the left.]] Punching is a forming process that uses a punch press to force a tool, called a punch, through the workpiece to create a hole via shearing. Punching is applicable to a wide variety of materials that come in sheet form, including sheet metal, paper, vulcanized fibre and some forms of plastic sheet. The punch often passes through the work into a die. A scrap slug from the hole is deposited into the die in the process. Depending on the material being punched this slug may be recycled and reused or discarded. Punching is often the cheapest method for creating holes in sheet materials in medium to high production volumes. When a specially shaped punch is used to create multiple usable parts from a sheet of material (i.e. the punched-out piece is the good piece), the process is known as blanking. In metal forging applications the work is often punched while hot, and this is called hot punching. Slugging is a type of metal-punching operation in which the action of the punch is stopped as soon as metal fracture is complete; the punched piece is not removed but is left in the hole. File:Lochzange.jpeg|Single-hole punch for leather, cloth, or thin plastic File:Lochzange-blech.jpg|Single-hole punch for sheet metal File:Illustrated catalogue and general description of improved machine tools for working metal (1899) (14771060994).jpg|Industrial punch for metalworking F = 0.7tL(UTS) Where t is the sheet metal thickness, L is the total length sheared (perimeter of the shape), and UTS is the ultimate tensile strength of the material. Die and punch shapes affect the force during the punching process. The punch force increases during the process as the entire thickness of the material is sheared at once. A beveled punch helps in the shearing of thicker materials by reducing the force at the beginning of the stroke. However, beveling a punch will distort the shape because of lateral forces that develop. Compound dies allow multiple shaping to occur. Using compound dies will generally slow down the process and are typically more expensive than other dies. Progressive dies may be used in high production operations. Different punching operations and dies may be used at different stages of the operation on the same machine. ==See also== Knockout punch",
  "categories": [
    "109384444",
    "22917679",
    "23118434",
    "23308705",
    "23347489",
    "23603337",
    "24043274",
    "24623845"
  ],
  "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
  "source_uri": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1279085474",
  "content_hash": "",
  "created_at": null,
  "updated_at": 1741261735.0,
  "claims": [],
  "contradictions": [],
  "confidence": 0.6,
  "csl": {
    "id": "enwiki-001279085474",
    "type": "webpage",
    "title": "Punching",
    "author": [
      {
        "family": "Anticloud FZ LLE",
        "literal": "Anticloud FZ LLE"
      }
    ],
    "container-title": "encyclopegia.org",
    "publisher": "Anticloud FZ LLE",
    "publisher-place": "Dubai, United Arab Emirates",
    "URL": "https://encyclopegia.org/a/punching",
    "issued": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2026,
          11,
          15
        ]
      ]
    },
    "accessed": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2026,
          11,
          15
        ]
      ]
    },
    "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
    "DOI": "eo1:enwiki-001279085474",
    "isBasedOn": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1279085474",
    "note": "Immutable snapshot enwiki-001279085474"
  }
}