Subtilase

Article summary

Subtilases are a family of subtilisin-like serine proteases. They appear to have independently and convergently evolved an Asp/Ser/His catalytic triad, like in the trypsin serine proteases. The structure of proteins in this family shows that they have an alpha/beta fold containing a 7-stranded parallel beta sheet. The subtilisin family is the second largest serine protease family characterised to date. Over 200 subtilases are presently known, more than 170 of which with their complete amino acid sequence. Subtilase is widespread, being found in eubacteria, archaebacteria, eukaryotes and viruses. The vast majority of the family are endopeptidases, although there is an exopeptidase, tripeptidyl peptidase. Structures have been determined for several members of the subtilisin family showing that subtilisins exploit the same catalytic triad as the chymotrypsins although the residues occur in a different order (His/Asp/Ser in chymotrypsin and Asp/His/Ser in subtilisin); otherwise the structures show similarity to no other proteins. Some subtilisins are mosaic proteins, whereas others contain N- and C-terminal extensions that show no sequence similarity to any other known protein. Based on sequence homology, a subdivision into six families has been proposed.…

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