Synaphea

Synaphea is a genus of flowering plants in the macadamia family Proteaceae, endemic to the southwestern corner of Western Australia. It contains 56 species , which are mostly small shrubs with variably shaped leaves but consistently yellow flowers with an unusual pollination mechanism. The genus was erected by botanist Robert Brown in 1810.

Synaphea is a genus of flowering plants in the macadamia family Proteaceae, endemic to the southwestern corner of Western Australia. It contains 56 species , which are mostly small shrubs with variably shaped leaves but consistently yellow flowers with an unusual pollination mechanism. The genus was erected by botanist Robert Brown in 1810. ==Description== Plants in the genus Synaphea are small shrubs, usually with deeply lobed (pinnatipartite) leaves, although some have simple leaves, others pinnate leaves, and have a petiole with a sheathing base. The flowers are relatively small, bright yellow, usually unscented, and arranged in a spike in leaf axils or on the ends of branchlets. The perianth is tube-shaped and zygomorphic, the tube opening in the upper third to half. As in many other members of the Proteaceae, the male anthers and female style are initially in contact and the end of the style is a pollen presenter. In synapheas (and in Conospermum), the anthers and stigma are held together under tension and only separate when touched by a pollinator, ejecting the pollen. The fruit is a hard-shelled nut, but in most species seed set is low. ==Taxonomy== The genus Synaphea was first formally described in 1810 by Robert Brown in Transactions of the Linnean Society of London. The name Synaphea is from the Ancient Greek word meaning "a connection" or "a union", referring to a connection between a sterile anther and the stigma. ===Species=== The following is a list of formally named Synaphea species and subspecies accepted by the Australian Plant Census as at April 2020: Synaphea acutiloba Meisn. – granite synaphea Synaphea aephynsa A.S.George Synaphea bifurcata A.S.George Synaphea boyaginensis A.S.George Synaphea brachyceras R.Butcher Synaphea canaliculata A.S.George Synaphea cervifolia A.S.George Synaphea constricta A.S.George Synaphea cuneata A.S.George Synaphea damopsis A.S.George Synaphea decorticans Lindl. Synaphea decumbens A.S.George Synaphea diabolica R.Butcher Synaphea divaricata (Benth.) A.S.George Synaphea drummondii Meisn. Synaphea endothrix A.S.George Synaphea favosa R.Br. Synaphea flabelliformis A.S.George Synaphea flexuosa A.S.George Synaphea floribunda A.S.George Synaphea gracillima Lindl. Synaphea grandis A.S.George Synaphea hians A.S.George Synaphea incurva A.S.George Synaphea interioris A.S.George Synaphea intricata A.S.George Synaphea lesueurensis A.S.George Synaphea macrophylla A.S.George Synaphea media A.S.George Synaphea nexosa A.S.George Synaphea obtusata (Meisn.) A.S.George Synaphea odocoileops A.S.George Synaphea oligantha A.S.George Synaphea otiostigma A.S.George Synaphea oulopha A.S.George Synaphea pandurata R.Butcher Synaphea panhesya A.S.George Synaphea parviflora A.S.George Synaphea petiolaris R.Br. Synaphea petiolaris R.Br. subsp. petiolaris Synaphea petiolaris subsp. simplex A.S.George Synaphea petiolaris subsp. triloba A.S.George Synaphea pinnata Lindl. – Helena synaphea Synaphea platyphylla A.S.George Synaphea polymorpha R.Br. – Albany synaphea Synaphea polypodioides R.Butcher Synaphea preissii Meisn. Synaphea quartzitica A.S.George – quartz-loving synaphea Synaphea rangiferops A.S.George Synaphea recurva A.S.George Synaphea reticulata (Sm.) Druce Synaphea sparsiflora A.S.George Synaphea spinulosa (Burm.f.) Merr. Synaphea spinulosa subsp. borealis A.S.George Synaphea spinulosa subsp. major A.S.George Synaphea spinulosa (Burm.f.) Merr. subsp. spinulosa Synaphea stenoloba A.S.George Synaphea tamminensis A.S.George Synaphea trinacriformis R.Butcher Synaphea tripartita A.S.George Synaphea whicherensis A.S.George Synaphea xela R.Butcher ==Distribution== The genus is endemic to the southwestern corner of Western Australia, from near Kalbarri to about Nuytsland Nature Reserve. ==References==

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