HAP2
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HAP2 (hapless 2), also known as GCS1 (generative cell-specific protein 1), is a family of membrane fusion proteins found in the sperm cell of diverse eukaryotes including Toxoplasma, thale cress, and fruit flies. This protein is essential for gamete fusion, and therefore fertilization, in these organisms. By eukaryotic taxonomy, it is found in: * Plant in the broad sense (Archaeplastida) ** Land plants (pollen – "male" gamete) - thale cress, numerous other species including rice ** Green algae ("minus" mating type) - Chlamydomonas ** Red algae - Cyanidioschyzon * Alveolates ** Apicomplexans (male gametocytes) *** Plasmodium *** Toxoplasma ** Ciliophorans - Tetrahymena * Euglenozoans - Trypanosoma * Amorphea ** Opisthokonta *** Animals **** Cnidarians - Hydra **** Arthropods - Insects - fruit flies and bees **** Acorn worms - Saccoglossus ** Amoebozoa - Dictyostelium discoideum slime mold (in a gene-duplicated setup with 3 mating types) For a full list of organisms in which it occurs, consult InterPro #IPR018928 - taxonomy.
HAP2 (hapless 2), also known as GCS1 (generative cell-specific protein 1), is a family of membrane fusion proteins found in the sperm cell of diverse eukaryotes including Toxoplasma, thale cress, and fruit flies. This protein is essential for gamete fusion, and therefore fertilization, in these organisms. By eukaryotic taxonomy, it is found in: Plant in the broad sense (Archaeplastida) Land plants (pollen – "male" gamete) - thale cress, numerous other species including rice Green algae ("minus" mating type) - Chlamydomonas Red algae - Cyanidioschyzon Alveolates Apicomplexans (male gametocytes) Plasmodium Toxoplasma Ciliophorans - Tetrahymena Euglenozoans - Trypanosoma Amorphea Opisthokonta Animals Cnidarians - Hydra Arthropods - Insects - fruit flies and bees Acorn worms - Saccoglossus Amoebozoa - Dictyostelium discoideum slime mold (in a gene-duplicated setup with 3 mating types) For a full list of organisms in which it occurs, consult InterPro #IPR018928 - taxonomy. ==References==
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